The encoded protein of the latter, was found differentially over-expressed in post-mortem pre-frontal cortex samples of patients affected by atypical ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration, characterized by ubiquitin and FUS positive inclusions, while TUBA4A was down-expressed in the cerebellum of the same group of patients when compared to controls [58]. This evidence concerns the gene TUBA4A and frontotemporal dementia.