TNF and COVID-19: It was highlighted that (1) only synergism of TNF-α and IFN-γ induces PANoptosis, (2) TNF-α and IFN-γ-mediated PANoptosis prolongs the cytokine storm, (3) TNF-α and IFN-γ shock mimics cytokine storm symptoms, including COVID-19, and (4) TNF-α and IFN-γ neutralization protects such model of mice from SARS-CoV-2, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and sepsis [77].