TNF and breast carcinoma: The molecular mechanism of the mammary carcinoma attenuation initiated by theacrine was found to be similar to that of the anti-tumor immune response initiated by caffeine, as the induction of programmed cell death as well as elevation of IFN-γ and TNF-α expression levels for anti-tumor immunity was observed in the tumor cells of DMBA-treated rats after daily supplementation of theacrine (Figure 5 and Figure 6).