Upregulated expression of growth factors such as IGF1, FGF7, proteases such as MMP2, ECM constituents such as SPP1 also known as osteopontin and chemokine such as CXCL12 may indicate the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment [53]. Here, CXCL12 is linked to neoplasm.