STAT1 and NF-κβ have been identified as key transcriptional regulators of PTGS2 expression, similar to what happens in H. pylori infection that induces gastric cancer via chronic inflammation that activates NF-κβ which in turn induces pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL1, IL6, IL8, TNF-α and PTGS2 [57]. Here, IL1B is linked to gastric cancer.