As a result, consumption of kefir containing Lactobacillus kefiri DH5 upregulates the expression of CPT1 and FABP4 genes, thereby can increase β-oxidation of fatty acids and lipolysis and can decrease lipogenesis in metabolism and may have an anti-obesity effect [80]. The gene discussed is FABP4; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.