These cells are capable of stimulating an antitumor immune response through presenting antigens to adaptive immune cells, producing proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and TNFα in addition to chemotactic factors such as IL-8 and MCP-1 [238,239], as well as by phagocytosing tumour cells [240,241]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.