STAT3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Among them, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of blood vessel formation, and numerous studies have demonstrated a pivotal role for tumor cell-intrinsic STAT3 signaling in promoting angiogenesis in NSCLC by upregulating the expression VEGF and other growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) [43,44,45,46].