CD18 (leukocyte counter-ligand to endothelial intracellular adhesion molecule-1) knockout mice conferred cerebrovascular protection in a murine model of IS, but not to CD18-deficient animals with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, suggesting anti-neutrophil adhesion strategies should be further tested for the management of stroke [84]. This evidence concerns the gene ITGB2 and cerebral artery occlusion.