Doherty and Zinkernagel’s discovery that peptide presentation by major histocompatibility (MHC) alleles provided the basic mechanism of T cell receptor (TCR) recognition [5] has been used in recent years as an approach in the cancer immunotherapy field by targeting tumour peptide-MHC (pMHC) using TCR-based therapies (comprehensively reviewed by He et al. [6]). The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is neoplasm.