STAT3 and myeloid leukemia: Several anti-cancer mechanisms of pyrvinium have been reported in solid tumors, including the regulation of multiple signaling pathways (such as β-catenin, AKT, STAT3, and Hedgehog signaling) which support cell proliferation and survival, and the regulation of cellular response signaling (such as autophagy and UPR), which is observed in several solid tumor malignancies [13]; however, reports of the role of pyrvinium in myeloid leukemia are limited [12,39].