MTOR and cancer: In addition to inhibiting HIV retroviral protease, nelfinavir has been shown to prevent growth of cancer cell lines through the inhibition of the Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) signal transduction pathway which is activated in several types of cancer [97].