IRAK1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Recently, studies have reported a significant decrease in miR-146a-5p expression as well as an increase in miR-155-5p expression in the blood serum of patients with T2D [63,64], causing loss in the suppressive effects of the Treg cells as a consequence of STAT1 overexpression [65] without repression in the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6, which are adapter kinases of essential pathways such as MyD88 [66] for the maintenance of inflammation.