CCT4 and exfoliation syndrome: Since misfolded proteins seen in pseudoexfoliation recruits the Unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and the inflammatory cytokines, we evaluated the expression of UPR genes X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) and Chaperon containing TCP1 subunit 4 (CCT4) that we found earlier to be downregulated in patients with advanced pseudoexfoliation glaucoma [15].