Plasma surfactant protein D (SP-D) has been shown to increase within 48 h of admission to ICU in patients who developed ARDS and to predict the long-term need for IMV and mortality [30,31,32], and angiopoietin-2 was able to predict pulmonary affection in cohort studies in critically ill patients with various underlying courses [33,34,35,36] and also predict severity of illness and mortality [37,38,39,40]. This evidence concerns the gene SFTPD and acute respiratory distress syndrome.