In this minireview, we review first the basics of prostate cancer and its treatment; then, the role of the NF-κB pathway in SOD induction and radioresistance; next, the role of the SOD family in prostate tissue and prostate cancer; and finally focus on the present translational interventions that utilize the NF-κB pathway and knowledge about SOD. This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and prostate cancer.