Succinate remodeled the HIF-1α/VEGF axis to induce synovial angiogenesis and suppressed succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) to prevent succinate accumulation results in inhibition of the HIF-1α/VEGF axis, showing the potential to attenuate revascularization in arthritis [118]. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is arthritic joint disease.