TNF and neoplasm: TNF, the trigger of tumor cell apoptosis, was a major mediator of inflammation and immunity in tumor microenvironment, and there were strong evidences that this cancer-related inflammation contributes to the proliferation of malignant cells, stimulates angiogenesis and metastasis, regulates immune response, and affects clinical treatment strategies (Chen and Goeddel, 2002; Mantovani et al., 2008; Balkwill, 2009).