It is possible that in contrast to the accumulation of Tfh cells during chronic HIV infection where high levels of IL-6 are linked to plasma viremia (61), the reconstitution of a GC-centric phenotype shortly after ART is linked instead with an anti-inflammatory gene signature and decreased proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα, MCP-1, IL-6R), as well as decreased type I IFN signaling. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and HIV infectious disease.