CARD9 and inflammatory bowel disease: As some examples, polymorphisms in genes encoding for Detectin-1, TLR-1 and 3, MINCLE, Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9), Dectin-1, CD209, and CX3CR1 are the most investigated as associated with fungal dysbiosis/altered innate immunity during IBD pathogenesis (Iliev et al., 2012; Sokol et al., 2017; Leonardi et al., 2018; Limon et al., 2019).