SOD1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Our further exploration of the potential mechanism of PEG-Loxe’s protection against liver damage revealed that T2DM mice had significantly higher liver ROS and MDA levels and pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels than normal mice and markedly lower levels of liver antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH, and CAT and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (Figure 3), indicating that oxidative stress and inflammation possibly occur with long-term hyperglycemic stimulation of the liver.