For example, leptin regulates metabolism and contributes to vascular disease via atherosclerosis and thrombosis (Wang et al., 2014) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is involved in inhibiting fibrinolysis and forming atherosclerotic plaques and hypertension (Kiliaan et al., 2014; Bilgic Gazioglu et al., 2015). Here, SERPINE1 is linked to atherosclerosis.