LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In this context, it is notable that leptin can also induce the expression of its own receptor (Shi et al., 2020a) and that obesity and leptin (Hilzendeger et al., 2012), and in females progesterone (Jöhren et al., 1997; Donadio et al., 2006), can increase AT1aR expression.