PARG and brain injury: In a mouse model of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), PARG inhibition by GPI 16552 or PARG110 deficiency decreased the severity of SCI, diminished neutrophil infiltration and TNFα and IL1β expression, and attenuated apoptotic cell death as well.[190] These observations suggest that different from ischemic brain injury, PARG activity aggravates tissue damage presumably through mediating immune infiltration and inflammatory cytokine expression under traumatic CNS injury conditions.