After adjusting for low complement C3 levels, low serum albumin levels, proteinuria, antiphospholipid antibody and anti-rRNP antibody positive during gestation, patients with pre-existing LN had a significantly higher risk of composite adverse fetal outcomes than patients with new-onset LN (ORs, 44.59; 95% CI, 1.21–1664.82; P = 0.039). This evidence concerns the gene C3 and lobular neoplasia.