CD8A and neoplasm: Ideally, future studies should integrate the complexity of the biology of both the tumor and its TME (such as PD-L1 level, CD8 T-cell infiltration, and other immune infiltrates) or gene expression profiling of genomic alterations using NGS platforms to establish a deeper understanding of the DNA damage and immune-related biomarker groups, and thus help to precisely guide the clinical development of this new strategy.