In addition, survival benefit from the use of combined chemo-IO compared with chemotherapy alone remained statistically significant when cases with ESCC were excluded from analysis (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.90, P < .001) and for any PD-L1 CPS subgroups considered (Table  2; Supplementary Figure 2, B and E, available online). Here, CD274 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.