Further, increasing ω-3 PUFAs levels (via supplementation or stimulating endogenous synthesis/interconversion) blocked the development of autoimmunity, prevented lymphocyte infiltration into regenerated islets, and sharply elevated the expression of the β-cell markers—PDX1 and paired box 4 (Pax4) (Bi et al., 2017) (Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene PAX4 and Autoimmunity.