Collectively, clinical predicaments that PCa has brought include distinguishing whether a PSA (prostatic specific antigen) detection-based localized PCa presents as an indolent or aggressive one, determining the optimal collocation sequence of systemic therapies for both metastatic castration-sensitive and castration-resistant PCa (mCSPC and mCRPC), and developing promising biomarkers to guide treatment options and improve the prognoses of patients with metastatic PCa (Ku et al., 2019). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.