Other proteins, such as Glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], D-dimer, von Willebrand Factor [vWF], Apolipoprotein A1 [APOA1], and Apolipoprotein B [APOB], along with the ratio of baseline levels of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1 [APOB/APOA1 ratio], have been purported to be potential biomarkers for AIS due to LVO (As et al., 2013; Katsanos et al., 2017; Sato et al., 2020; Baez et al., 2021; Dagonnier et al., 2021; Gaude et al., 2021; Ramos-Pachón et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene VWF and androgen insensitivity syndrome.