We also carried out differential expression analysis of the complete ten-gene signature in the validation dataset, The Wilcoxon rank sum test revealed that the expression of 9 genes (C1QA, C1QB, C1QC, C3AR1, ITGB2, LCP2, SPI1, TYROBP) in the tumor samples were significantly higher than that in matched normal adjacent tissue (Supplemental Figures 6A–J, p<0.05). Here, C1QC is linked to neoplasm.