Indeed, adipose tissue levels of AA are reportedly increased in obesity (Williams et al., 2007; Pietiläinen et al., 2011) and this omega-6 PUFA, as well as its lipid derivatives, has been shown to activate pro-inflammatory pathways (Schreiber and Zechner, 2014) and antagonize insulin-mediated glucose uptake (Tebbey et al., 1994) in adipocytes. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.