In this study, our aims were as follows: 1) to explore whether TAF9 can be involved in NAFLD; 2) to explore the role of deacetylation of TAF9 by HDAC1 in NAFLD; and 3) to test whether DSS can alleviate NAFLD through the HDAC1/TAF9 signaling pathway. Here, TAF9 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.