NLRP3 and infection: The high expression of NLRP3 in microglia and their potential role as resident innate immune cells of the CNS in the earliest local response to the injury or infection makes microglia the initial responders for SEVO, in which their differentiation and polarization status may change after activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome machinery; the activation of NLRP3 in neurons may reflect a response to the stress from the microenvironment to determine the survival or death of the neuronal cells.