To further confirm association of CTSF with immune response of NSCLC, CTSF expression was analyzed with that of the known immunomodulators using TISIDB, which revealed that CTSF expression was significantly associated with that of 40 immunomodulators (including 28 immunostimulators and 12 immunoinhibitors) in LUAD or LUSC (Fig. 4F, Tables 2 and 3). Here, CTSF is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.