Our findings that the increased expression of CTSF-related CD27 with poor prognosis of LUAD patients while related with favorable prognosis of LUSC suggested that CTSF-related CD27 may play different roles in LUAD and LUSC and hinted that expression level of CTSF and subtype of NSCLC are the two key factors to predict the efficacy of CD27 monoclonal antibody for patients with NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene CD27 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.