Screening and diagnosis to define CKD is critical; eGFR and albuminuria should be measured at least annually.4,7,30 The new equation estimating GFR from serum creatinine does not include race, and an additional equation that adds serum cystatin C, are more precise than older methods.170,171 A single-voided (“spot”) urine measures albuminuria as ACR. The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is chronic kidney disease.