In a study of HSPC-based gene therapy, four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma were given gene-modified HSPCs transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding three RNA-based anti-HIV-1 moieties (tat/rev shRNA, TAR decoy, and CCR5 ribozyme) in addition to unmodified cells [30]. This evidence concerns the gene CCR5 and AIDS.