Genini et al.2 have observed increased PPARβ/δ mRNA level in NSCLC comparing to the normal lung tissue and concomitantly up-regulated VEGF and components of the Cox-2/prostaglandin synthetic pathway in a subset of NSCLC, thus suggesting that activation of these pathways plays a role in lung carcinogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene PPARD and non-small cell lung carcinoma.