CD8A and neoplasm: Both subsets of CD8+ T cells from tumor samples expressed higher effector genes than nonmalignant samples, including chemokines (e.g., CCL5), cytotoxicity-associated genes (PRF1, GZMA, GZMB, GZMH), and proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-32) (Fig. 5D, Supplementary Data 1C).