LCN2 and neoplasm: Indeed, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that anti-LCN2 treatment did not affect the levels of the proliferative marker Ki-67 (in viable tumor areas) and the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase-3, but instead exhibited a substantial synergistic effect with sorafenib to elevate the levels of 4-HNE40 and MDA71 (Fig. 7a, b and Supplementary Fig. 9a–c), two markers of lipid peroxidation.