In inflammation or pathological conditions, the released Chymases from activated MCs are able to amplify local angiotensin-2 concentration to induce inflammatory leucocyte recruitment and endothelial dysfunction, which would further increase pulmonary vascular permeability and cause lung injury.69,70 Other types of viruses such as Dengue virus has been reported to trigger the release of Chymase and Typtase to breakdown the endothelial cell tight junctions to promote vascular permeability.71 The gene discussed is CMA1; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.