Previous studies based upon cultured cells and animal models suggested that expressed inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1b, IL-18, and CRP significantly contributed to the pathogenesis of T2DM through interfering with the insulin signal and impairing β-cell function [80] and action on peripheral insulin resistance [81] as well as insulin secretion [82]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.