Blocking TGF-β signaling in CD4+ T cells but not CD8+ T cells restrained tumor growth by remodeling the TME and inducing tumor vasculature reorganization, leading to cancer cell death; this process was dependent on the TH2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), but not the TH1 cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ). This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and cancer.