Compared with the patients who survived, those who died had a higher possibility of being at WHO III–IV stage, having CD4 <200 cells/μL, hyponatremia, thrombocytopenia, HB <9 g/dL, Scr level ≥104 μmol/L, respiratory failure, prevalent tuberculosis, CNS infection, invasive fungal infection, malignancies, and fever duration >7 days before admission, while they had a lesser possibility of undergoing ART prior to admission (Table 2). Here, CD4 is linked to respiratory failure.