Recently, pinosylvin has been found to protect from cerebral ischemia by activating antioxidant defence via NFE2L2 and mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy to remove dysfunctional mitochondria, resulting in decreased oxidative stress due to enhanced antioxidant defence and removal of reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) leaking mitochondria [65]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is brain ischemia.