NFKB1 and cancer: eHSP70 may also bind to the surface of human monocytes, leading to intracellular calcium flux, activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kB and increased production of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 via NF-kB pathway (134).Taken together, extracellular HSP70s promote proliferation and cytolytic activity of NK cells, DC maturation, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, protect cancer cell from CDC as well as enhances induction of tolerogenic DCs, immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs and generation of T regulatory cells.