In multivariate logistic regression analysis, MHR was positively associated with the risk of NAFLD after adjusting age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, and serum uric acid (OR: 1.026, 95% CI: 1.002–1.052; P = 0.037). The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.