HMGB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: This process may facilitate increased PD-L1 encapsulation into exosomes and as previously shown, PD-L1+ exosomes can suppress immune cell cytotoxicity21, proposing that responses to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy would be enhanced in HCC cells by inhibiting the epigenetic crosstalk of HMGB1 with RICTOR.