Their patient was a 37-year-old woman with disseminated skin warts from adolescence mainly due to Human Papillomavirus type 57(HPV57); immunodeficiency with profound CD4 lymphopaenia and a reversed CD4:CD8 ratio; PL first noted at 6 months of age in both lower limbs, but later progressing to involve the groin, vulva, anal region and one distal upper extremity; and anogenital dysplasia. Here, CD4 is linked to immunodeficiency disease.