As examples of the former, miR-221/-222 increases after macrophage stimulation by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inhibits human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) entry by down-regulating CD4 mRNA [79], and miR-3614, expressed in macrophages, increases after DENV infection and represses infection by targeting ADAR1 mRNA [80]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.