Several hypotheses have been proposed for the pathogenesis of endometriosis; however, the majority of patients’ symptoms appear to be associated with inflammation and proliferation of endometriotic lesions (5) thatresult from the secretion of cytokines and growth factorssuch as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125,used for diagnosis of endometriosis) (6). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is endometriosis.